Machine for making continuous collared axle blanks



0. 0. HALL. MACHINE FOR MAKING CONTINUOUS OOLLARED AXLE BLANKS (NoModel.)

AND AXLES.

Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

Mam W07 W $410 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ORLANDO CLIFFORD HALL, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO OHARLES L.SHELDON, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR MAKING CONTINUOUS COLLARED AXLE-BLANKS AND AXLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,784, dated March 1,1892.

1 Application filed January 9, 1892. Serial No. 417.516. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORLANDO CLIFFORD HALL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines forMaking Continuous Collared Axle-Blanks and Axles, of which the followingis a specification.

In the manufacture of that class of axle bars and blanks in which thecollars at the inner ends of the journals are formed in one piece withthe bar it is customary to form such collars by upsetting the metalthatis, by heating the metal at the point where the collar is to be formed,then clamping the bar and bringing an upsetting-die to act upon the endto force the latter toward the clamps, thereby pressing out a section ofthe metal, forming an enlargement to which the proper shape is impartedby recesses in the contiguous faces of the clamps and upsetting-dies. Itis also common to form the journal at the same time by so shaping thesocket in the upsetting-die as to impart the proper taper to the end ofthe bar. The objections to this method of manufacture are those incidentto heating the metal and consequentliability of deteriorating thestrength and the loss'of time in. operating separately upon the oppositeends of the bars and the necessity of employing a Very powerful clamp tohold the bar against the powerful pressure of the upsetting-die. Toovercome these objections I act upon both ends of the barsimultaneously, so as to upset it at two points and form both collars atthe same time, also tapering the ends to form the journals at the sametime, if desired, and in order to overcome the objections incident toheatingthe bar I apply such powerful pressure as to upset the metal coldand without heating, the simultaneous longitudi nal pressure at bothends throwing all the strain upon the dies, so that it is not necessaryto depend upon the clamp to resist the thrust of the die.

In carrying out this method of manufacture I may make use of mechanismof different constructions, but will now describe that which is mosteffective, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l isa plan of a clamping and upsetting machine in which hydraulic pressureis employed. Fig. 2 is a section through the clamp and dies.- Fig. 3 isa view illustrating the axle bar or blank as formed by my improvedprocess.

The bed A of the machine is of any suitable construction and supports aclamp B, two upsetting-dies C C, and the mechanism for opening andclosing the clamp and for moving the upsetting-dies under the powerfulpressure required.

There may be one or more clamps B of suitable construction. As shown,the clamp 13 consists of two jaws 1 2, one of which may be stationary,although both may be removable.

In the construction shown the jaw 1 is stationary, the jaw 2 movesbetween guides 3 3, and in said jaws are channels or recesses conformingto the shape of the axle-blank X.

Each of the upsetting-dies O 0 consists of a sliding block at, movablelongitudinally in a guide 5, clamped to the base, said block having atapering socket 6 and a circular recess 7, and in each end of eachsection of the clamp B is a recess, the recesses 7 andS being of suchshape as to correspond to the outer and inner faces and the periphery ofthe shoulder to be formed.

WVhile any suitable means may be employed for moving the u psetting-dieswith the desired pressure, and especiaily with the powerful pressurerequired for cold upsetting, I prefer to make use of hydraulic pressure,for which purpose I may employ any of the usualforms of apparatus. Asshown, I arrange back of each die 4 a cylinder 13, having a piston 9 androd 10,which latter can be brought to bear against the outer heel of thedie 4, and pipes 12 serve to conduct fluid from a pressurepump D to thecylinders 13 13, the said pipes being provided with suitable cocks.

By means of the two upsetting dies arranged in line, as described,pressure may be brought simultaneously upon both ends of the bars,whether heated or not, to shapethejournals, upset the bar formingenlargements, and impart the proper shape to said enlargements to formthe collars, and as the upsetting-dies occupy a relatively fixedposition it will be blanks all will be formed with the collars the samedistance apart, a result whichit is practically impossible to securewhen the collars are formed successively, as usual.

As the pressure is applied simultaneously to both ends of the bar,it isevident thatitis only necessary to apply sufficient power to the clampin such case to hold the bar in po-. sition to be acted upon by thedies; but as it is sometimes necessary to upset a bar only at oneend--as, forinstance,when sectional axles are formedI provide meanswhereby the desired pressure may be secured in such cases. To this endthe jaw 2 is operated by ahydraulic press consisting of a cylinder 15,piston 16, and piston-rod 17. The piston-rod 17 maybe connected directlywith the jaw 2; but to secure greater pressure I prefer to make use oftoggles 18 18, the joint of each of which is connected by a link 19 withthe piston-rod, the press being supplied with liquid from the pump Dthrough suitable pip'es provided with cocks.

Vhile the above-described apparatus may be used in upsetting the metalhot or cold, the pressure which it is practicable to secure is so greatthat the metal may be upset cold, and the axle bar or blank thus formedis not only superior in quality to that made from a heated bar, but theexpense and difficulties incident to heating are avoided.

I do not here claim the method and article of manufacture hereindescribed, as the same Without limiting myself to the preciseconstruction and arrangement of parts shown and described, I claim-- 1.A machine for making collared axles, consisting of a clamp and twoupsetting-dies arranged in line with each other and with the clamp, theparts being recessed to correspond with the faces of the collars,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination,in a machine for making collared axles, of a clamp,two upsettingdies arranged in line with each other and with the clamp,with recesses corresponding to the faces of the collars, each of saidclamps having a socket corresponding to the form of the journal, andmeans for simultaneously moving the two upsetting-dies to and from theclamp, substantially as set forth.

3. Thecombination, ina machine for making collared axles, of a clamp,two sliding upsettingdies, and hydraulic presses for operating saiddies, and means for actuating said presses simultaneously, substantiallyas set forth.

4. The combination, with the clamp of an upsetting-machine, of ahydraulic press, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the movable clamping-jaws, of a hydraulic pressand intermediate toggle, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

ORLANDO CLIFFORD IIALL.

\Vitnesses:

DORA M. FORREST, WM. H. DALTON.

